first published
Jan/14/25
revised upload
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A
pre-History
of
Greece |
Based on these etymologies and taking Homer's I l i as into account we now try to outline
A Short pre-History of Greece .
The first permanent settlers were *Vasconic-speaking Pelasger from Eastern Anatolia, vilifiing local hunters and gatherers as Lelegians, with whom they fought frequently. Around (2200) bChr Indo-Europeans - the Achaens - arrived from the Russian steppe via the Balkans or directly from Anatolia - as part of the first Indo-European migration.
Spread over mainland Greece and Crete, especially in the highlands Pelasgians remained untouched. They became the later Aeolians, not exactly a substrat, but ill-reputed.
In contrast in the preferential areas the Pelasgians were subdued to become the substrat of the working class. Like ever the Indo-Europeans became the superstrat, but perhaps with less than half of the resulting population. This part became the Ionians. And like ever this mixed culture attained such a high standard, that still today it commands admiration - and even was able to withstand the military societies Sparta and Persia. Their center became Athens and the whole of Attika.
It remains open whether other Achaen centers like Mycenae and Tiryns participatd in exactly this linguistic development. Given that Eteocretians - and later Minoans - started colonisations from Kythera into the Adria and westwards via Gallipoli and Malta to Carthage it is unlikely that they left out mainland Greece. Whether this led to a linguistic contribution to Greek beyond some loanwords remains to open. Some scholars even take Mycenae for non-Indo-European.
The second Indo-European migration flooded Greece and Crete and the islands in between with Dorians. This finally led to the Indo-Europeanisation of Greek wherein only tiny rests of the Pelasgian language survived. This is analysed in Beekes, based on Fournée. To distinguish between the prior Achaen and the younger Dorian part should already have been difficult for the Greek historians from (500) bChr onwards.
The I l i as therefor does give only little help, because it obeys to some sort of Heisenberg's uncertainty relation - the location being fixed at Troj so its date all the more is cloudy.
Homer usually is dated around 800 bChr, and - sometimes - the Trojan War around 1200 bChr in the welt of the second Indo-European (im-)migration of the Dorians into Greece. Exactly this is questionable because its story does not fit properly. It also is possible to tranfer it to the first Indo-European (im-)migration - of the Achaens - from which we do not know anything. If Homer denotes the Greeks as Danaens, i.e. as Dorians, and specifies the participants of the Trojan War, all this may be an adaptation to his aera and era, like the medieval bard of the Nibelungenlied aligned a well-known saga to his aera and era.
We backdate the era of Idomeneo, king of Crete, to the era of the foundation of Gallipoli, then Malta and finally Carthage.
| mmmmm |
| | ⮙ | | | | Homer's I l i as |
| | |
| | | mmmmm | Odyssey | | | | Aenaeis |
| | | | | ╲ | | ╱ |
| | | | | | Trojan war |
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| | t
i
m
e | | | |
•
•
•
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| | | | | | Idomeneo |
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Hence perhaps also the Aenaeis, i.e. the love story of Dido and Aeneas, has to be backdated long before the Trojan war and the prime age of the Phoenicians from (1200) bChr onwards.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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Lelegians
Pelasgians
Achaens |
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A
pre-History
of
Crete |
From our numerous Basque and Semit(id)ic etymologies we try
A Short pre-History of Crete
- also to include many pre-Hellenic mythical names Rhea, Ariadne, Olysses, ... and the derivation of the geographical names Europe, Africa, Asia , the affiliation of which makes more sense in Crete than in todays country of the Basques. Certainly these terms entered much later Greek and from there became internationally used.
Probably the first settlers were Pelasgians coming from Greece. The date remains open, like that one of the second wave by Semitic seefarer from Cyprus. We assume that those took the lead [ Aar ] and the Pelasgians were made the working class. Over time these two populations merged to create the Minoan culture, the merged language being a kind of creole of Semitic over *Vasconic. This lasted till the eruption of the Thera / Santorin volcano, which together with earthquakes and tsunamis annihilated this culture completely.
Because of the contact with not far-off Egypt this culture developed hieroglyphs for writing and, when this turned out not to be efficient, because of the contact with Near East cuneiform culture even an own such writing - Linear A. On page 2 of his second volume Aartun [ AW𐏉] mentions that hieroglyphic texts can only be found in the center and the east of Crete.
Aartun translates the hieroglyphic texts in Semitic, some with a poetic-sexuel connotation. Linear A can be pronounced and seems to use two different languages.
After the volcanic catastrophe Crete fell prey to several invasions from mainland Greece. They developed Linear B based on the Greek language.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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Hyroglyps
↓
Linear A
↓
Linear B |
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A
pre-History
of
Malta |
From our many wysiwyg-etymologies along the shipping route from the Levant around the Iberian peninsula into northern Europe and a basic knowledge of geography we get
A Short pre-History of Ma l ta
- surprisingly detailed: Some (5000) bChr there was a first wave of Semit(id)ic settlers sailing along the coastlines from the Levant, always in sight of land, leading to the first permanent colonies. There are the revealing facts:
The 1st is 🟨 A. Borg's identification of the closest relative to Maltese with a Maronite Semitic language on a northern cape of Cyprus and not with nearby Tunesian Arabic.
The 2nd is 🟨 that there are not that many safe harbors along the southern coast of Anatolia,
leading to the eastern coast of Crete. They found the island populated by Pelasgians, but mainly in the western part. They made Phaistos in the center of the eastern peninsula their capital. Some of the cities, especially in the middle of Crete have a Pelasgian and an early-Semitic name. They were Homer*s Eteocretians. The resulting history remains unknown - without deciphering Linear A and the uncovering of more inscriptions this will remain so. It remains unknown how the following Minoan culture came into being.
The 3rd is 🟨 that the southern coast of Calabria has few safe harbors, except Gallipoli,
a small rocky island close to the coast. They took it for a stop-over only, because the mountain range close to the coastline was only thinly populated and didn't suit well for settling or trading with locals. From our etymology of Thera / Santorin
the 4th is 🌋 that the Eteocretians were fully aware of the danger of volcanos and associated earthquakes.
They hence avoided settling on the eastern coast of Sicily in sight of Mount Etna, giving it only the name land of earthquakes.
The 5th is 🟨 that there are no safe harbours along the southern coast of of this land of earthquakes,
the next one being near Erice around the south-western cape of Sicily. So sailing along this coast in a save distance to avoid reefs, but not to far off to go on land in case of thunderstorms, they inevitably became aware of the islands of Malta.
The 6th is 🟨 that Malta was densely wooded like the garden-island Crete,
leading to permanent settling. So Malta took place in all cultural developments from the east - most of them with a religious background - and became a center of the megalith-culture with own traditions, different and independent of those in Crete, which in turn were transported to the west until they reached the area of Morbihan at the French Atlantic coast. So very important
the 7th is 🌀 that the megalithic temples in Malta and Gozo resemble Ireland's New Grange,
not only sharing the same architecture - which alone could be coincidence - but also have the same engraved spirals, likely a religious symbol like cross, halfmoon, svastika, ... .
From the name of Idomeneo, king of Crete, which may have been a personal name or the name of a dynasty or even a title, we get
the 8th is 🟨 that the megalith-culture of Malta was founded by Idomeneo,
arriving with the first wave of immigration from the east, 7000 years ago, or the second or - most likely - the third, starting 5300 years ago and developing an economy of surplus which led 4500 years ago to the construction of huge megalithic sites, since he founded Gallipoli, which makes sense only as a stop-over.
Homer relocated the legend of Idomeneo to the much later Trojan War as did the medieval poet of the song of the Nibelungs, but here no older and more accurate (nordic) version of the events is known.
In the course of history Carthage became the next center of this Semitic wandering.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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| Malta
Comino
Gozo |
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The
pre-History
of
Tirol |
Geography completely determines
a Short pre-History of Tirol
- and especially the story of the ice-man of the Similaun! East of Tirol, the Groß Glockner, and west of Tirol, the high mountains of Grau Bünden, Terra Grischuna in local Rätoromanisch, high mountains prevented any north-south flow of trade up to the late 19th century. This is described accurately by the *Vasconic name
( the land of easy ) transitions ( across the Alps )
- given by the first Bandkeramik settlers - certainly local settlers were able to overcome this barriers to colonise the uninhabitated upper parts of these valleys.
DNA-analysis of the glacier-man of the Similaun reveals, that his ancestors came from Anatolia, perhaps via Sardinia with Pelasgians, being not relative to Indo-Europeans of the southern Russian steppe.
The etymologies of Tirolean place names uncover his story: At the major Alpine passes Brenner and Reschen locals made a living by serving traders with accomodation, food, guidance, for instance delivering mules for carrying merchandise - at a price. He was a road charges scammer, guiding traders via the Schnalstal-valley across the continental divide. And he was heavily armed with bow and an arsenal of arrows in a quiver. Together with his client he took a break before circumventing in a snow drift the station at the Hauslabalm, not being aware that the officials there already had spotted them. They shot him, took his client and the merchandise away, overlooking in this snow drift his arrows, leaning some 10 m away at a rock.
The Indo-European invasion into the Alps, which led to a southern version of the urnfield culture [ Anr ], was completed around (2300) bChr. For sure it followed the valley of the Danube and its southern tributaries. Whether there was an even more southern branch along the Adria still is an open question.
Like everywhere in Europe the bandkeramik people were able to stick to their culture only in the higher mountains - like above Innbruck. But whether the tragedy of the Similaun has such a - political - background remains an open question, given that there is no local tale.
⸻The rest is (the) history
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Brenner
Reschen
the ice-man from the
Similaun |
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A
pre-History
of
Scotland |
The Picts were Semiti(dic Megalithicians, who colonised the whole big island from its western coast. Probably their genome is preserved in two skeletons from the Orkneys [ M…W p 392 ]. Whence we can write - also to tie loose ends -
A Short pre-History of Scotland
After the sinking of Doggerland only hunter and gatherers were sealed off until band ceramic people settled down - but perhaps only in some beachheads along the southern coast [ Ven Arundal ].
From (4500) bChr Semit(id)ic Megalithicians arrived by ship mainly along the Irish Sea, settling down up to the Shetlands. In the course of centuries they spread up to the east coast as Picts.
It is not clear whether waves of newcomers arrived on the islands by the first Indo-European migration, corresponding to the Acheans of Greece.
In contrast the second Indo-European migration after (1200) bChr fully hit Britain and Ireland, the Venetians following the tracks of the Megalithicians along the Irish Sea, the Brigants directly crossing the channel on the shortest line, perhaps 100 years earlier. The Megaliticians (Picts) defended themselves by erecting the system of 5 hillforts around Mam Tor, hence like in Northern Germany by strategically using to full capacity the terrain - and survived for nearly another 2000 years. This border still can be felt today between Yorkshire and Mercia.
The border between the invading Indo-Europeans and the Pictish Megalithicians, however, constantly moved northward - today it is between the Scottish low- and highlands. For a while the borderland also contained the Sherwood area, and hence we also tranfer backwards in time the tale of Robin Hood, who presumably was a megalithic rebel against the Indo-European onslaught.
This borderland still stopped the Celtic assault some (400) years later, who overwhelmed Ireland and all areas south of this line. Because of the close relationship of Brigants and Celts they mixed up in the course of centuries such that
the Romans could not see any difference between these tribes. However, because of their chiefly gree of war technology the Romans were able to shift the border further north to the Antonine Wall. The area north of this wall remained Pictish, due to their ferocity, but also due to the longer supply lines of the Roman legions in an odd harsh climate.
After the fall of the Roman Empire Angles, Saxons and Jutes flooded the island from the east, but the Picts took hold in the west until the invasion of Scoti from Ireland who defeated them in the battle of 843 aChr.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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Glasgow
Edinburgh |
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A
pre-History
of
England |
Contrary to the complicated pre-history of Ireland with its many invasions form abroad
A Short pre-History of England
relies entirely on toponyms and language considerations. Foundation sagas are totally wiped out because of the Indo-European arrival around 1200 bChr, the Celtic invasion around 800 bChr, the Roman invasion under Cesar and the Germanic conquest after 499 aChr.
Undoubtedly after the last Ice Age hunter and gathereres entered England via the Doggerland bridge, which after went under. And even some early Bandkeramik people may have entered England that way - although not in large numbers and only along the southern coast.
The first settlers with a lasting impact on history came by ship from Western France, probably looking for tin and copper like in Ireland. They brought the megalith-culture with them, with the Druids as a leading clergy, which developed to a high standard, hitting the whole island and even the archipelagos north of it.
After a few millennia this world declined and brought in the first Indo-Europeans. One part, the Brigants, arrived from the continent via the sea-gate at Dover, the second part, the Venetians, by ship from Western France. In the sequel those Indo-Europeans in large numbers expanded northwards, driving the Megalithicians - now the Picts - from the south. Today the Megalithicians - now mixed with Celts and speaking Celtic - are confined to the Scottish highlands. As ever the Megalithicians used the geography strategically, especially deep forests like the Sherwood and hillforts like around Mam Tor and Carl Wark. When those were given up the megalithic era in England was over - the tale of Robin Hood only tells a last runup. Whether this happened before or due to the arrival of the Celts around 800 bChr remains open.
Because of the close relationship of Brigants, Venetians and Celts the Roman historians could not see any difference between those tribes and took them all as Celtic.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
Given that the Anglosaxon history of England commenced when Hengist and Horsa went onboard at Hollingstedt on river Treene and headed a fleet of boats to conquer England, the
⸻ pre-History of the English Language
commenced much earlier. We postulate that about 1300 years before it existed fully developed around Seddin, from where it expanded north-, south- and westwards. In the Roman era, it was spoken in the formerly urnfield-culture areas up to the Roman borders and in Scandinavia as a kind of lingua franca, labeled as Germanic by the Roman geographers. It still was spoken by Charlemagne, who reportedly spoke with his Anglo-Saxon chancellor Alkuin in his own language.
There was a formation period of around 1000 years before 800 bChr, during which the Germanic language merged to a kind of double Creole from a Semit(id)ic superstrat, an Indo-European adstrat (the major part ) and a *Vasconic substrat.
And we think that not only the trade of bronze but also the victorious defense at Conerow on river Tollense was a major boost for the new language. |
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Megalithicians,
Brigants & Venetians,
Celts,
Romans,
Anglo-Saxons & Jutes
The development of the
Anglo-Saxon language
in early England
is described by
T. Vennemann
[ V&N ] |
| 🚴 |
A
pre-History
of
Holland |
From our etymology of place names we get
A Short pre-History of Holland
- also to connect loose ends: Some (4300) bChr there was a first wave of Semit(id)ic settlers skidding along the coast from the west by ship, which led to the first settlements. 500 years later there was a second wave - this time with a new religion / ideology - leading to the numerous megalithic constructions. Not all of the participants of the first wave converted to the new religion, east of Hinterpomerania there only were colonies of Semitic place names, like in Holland, where not more than a strip along the coast converted - Den Haag - and perhaps only at times.
Already Leiden stuck to the old religion - perhaps with or because of *Vasconic resistance. The region up to lake Zuidersee remained without megalithic sites, as in the west from the Picardie to the Holland province. To the south the valley of river Rhine basicly remained without such place names and sites. The few exceptions can be explained by later trading and imitations.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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Bandkeramik
Indo-European
Megalithic |
| 🎿 |
A
pre-History
of
Norway |
Because of the simply-structured geography
A Short pre-History of Norway
also is simple. When the first megalithic settlers arrived from Denmark, approximately at the same time of the first permanent settlements of Scotland and the Orkneys, they found the country only thinly populated by people of Sami-type, migrating with their reindeers. They settled down at the most suitable place in Oslo, which for all times became their capital.
Stavanger should have been an early foundation, given its location near a southern headland of Norway.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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Oslo
Stavanger
Jell
Svingerud |
| ✚ |
A
pre-History
of
Sweden |
The southern half of Sweden still today makes it easy to setup an economy of surplus. Therefore
A Short pre-History of Sweden
again is simple. Overpopulation, especially in times of climate degradation - several times but not permanent - enforced emigration which nearly emptied this half. Then people from the north overtook and gave the country the name Sweden. So the first one of such emigrations led to the colonisation of Mecklenburg and Pomerania. Later ones landed from Russia to Jutland.
At most twice it came to reemigrations into Sweden. The first one led to the substitution of the original Semiti(di)c language by the newly formed Germanic language. This was merged out of three languages - *Vasconic, Indo-European and Semiti(di)c. Possibly this Germanisation of Scandinavia only was due to a dynasty of rulers moving north.
⸻The rest is (the) history.
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Kullen
Malmö
Falsterbo
Trelleborg
Birka |
| 📑 |
Tales,
Fairy Tales,
Mumies
and
Translations |
| Generalizing T. Vennemann's all-round theory of a three-tier descent of the proto-Germanic language to
⸪ Semit(id)ic ⭮ *Vasconic ⭯ Indo-Europeanmmmmmm
i.e. to a very early descent of Indo-European and Semit(id)ic from an original version of *Vasconic in the Fertile Crescent of Eastern Anatolia
− we presume and interprete the historical roles and
Relocate Sagas and Fairy Tales in Date and Location
− arrayed according to their historical importance, which puts our reading of the song of the Nibelungs on top −
| 🪤 | the nordic saga of the Nibelungs, the founding saga of the Germanic
peoples and a template for the Middle High German Nibelungenlied |
| 🪤 | the Twilight of the Gods - Götterdämmerung - battle at Sockenfeld between Röbel and Stuer |
| 🌊 | the saga of Idomeneo, later integrated into Homer's Ilias, |
| 🧵 | the Greek tales of Ariadne, Theseus, Herakles Ulysses, Rhea and ... |
| 🔱 | the Italic / Germanic tales of the Parzen and the Greek Uranus / Varuna tale |
| 🪤 | the tale of Robin Hood in the Sherwood forest in northern England |
| 🪤 | the etymology of the name Viking |
| 🪤 | the etymology of the names Rurik and Russ and their pre-history |
| 🪤 | the etymology of the names Germanic and most of the Germanic tribes |
| 🪤 | the etymology of the names of the major tribes causing the 2nd Indo-European migration |
| 🐉 | the equivalence of Semit(id)ic Merowing ≡ labyrinth *Vasconic |
and festivities
|
| 🪤 | the ancient customs of the Faßnacht in the Alemannic-speaking areas |
| 🎁 | the pre-Christmas Julklapp-celebrations around the Baltic |
| 🪤 | the ancient customs of the Kät in Annaberg in the Erzgebirge in Saxony and there |
| 🛠 | the tale of a giant who gave the *Vasconic mining away to the Indo-Europeans |
and the story of two humans, the remains of whose were recently discovered,
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| 🪤 | the story of the woman of Gotland, a 3500 years old skeleton with DNA from the Levant |
| 🪤 | the story of the glacier-man of the Similaun in Tirol |
and the local tales - for sure there are many more -
|
| 🪤 | the fairy tale of the Sleeping Beauty at the Sababurg deep in the Reinhards Forest |
| 🪤 | the fairy tale of Rapunzel at the nearby Trendelburg |
| 🪤 | the tale of the blond hag Loreley on a rock near Koblenz high above river Rhine |
| 🪤 | the tale of Rübezahl from the Riesengebirge mountain range in Silesia |
| 🙌 | the tale of two wise women Weleda, one arguing against the great Roman Drusus, |
| 🙆 | the Sheela na gig-sculptures in northern Europe |
| 🪤 | the tale of Frau Harke, at least two times in Germany, |
| 🪤 | the tale of the Büstrich in Sondershausen |
| 🪤 | the tale of the giant Mils in eastern Hesse |
and translations of runic carvings in Norway and Southern Germany
|
| 🪤 | the rune stone at the burial site Svingerud north of Oslo |
| 🪤 | on the the runic brooch of Nordendorf west of Augsburg in Schwaben |
| 🪤 | on the runic buckle of Pforzen north of Kaufbeuren in Schwaben |
and
|
| ❋ | including the compass points of the Basque windrose
and a megalithic example in the western Baltic Sea |
| 📜 | the role and etymology of the Germanic law
compared with the Sem i t (id)i c-b i b l i cal one |
| 🪸 | our genealogical stem of peoples of Bandkeramiv-*Vasconic descent,
excluding Caucasian, Sumerian and Finno-Ugrian Ural-Altaian ones |
| 🟡 | the role and etymologies of metals and ore,
especially gold, silver, bronze, lead, tin ... |
| 🌀 | the spiral as a religious symbol at the Maltese Tarxien
temples and at the Irish New Grange burial mound |
and
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| 🌐 | the etymologies of country names or their peoples
Germany, France, Italy, England, Sweden, Denmark |
| 📢 | the etymologies of numerous dialect expressions, Semit(id)ic
from Hamburg, *Vasconic from Bavaria and Swabia, ☎ the ╬ entries |
and dictionaries
|
| 📄 | a list of common Basque-(Indo)Germanic-Semit(id)ic words |
| 📇 | a long list of German words of *Vasconic origin |
| 📄 | a list of German close matches to Basque pre-, in- and suf-fixes |
| 📄 | a list of words linguistically d ou b l ed in two different languages |
| 📄 | a list of exceptional elementary Basque words |
− for sure in most cases only a (striking) selection.
⸪ These listings, together with the many straightforward etymologies and striking interpretations in Vennemann 's books, are only necessary conditions in the proof of Vennemann's threepartition of the Germanic languages and thus also for our ⸪ East Anatolian expansion. As for the sufficient condition - there is none. However, the sheer number of translations and interpretations is versimilar a substitute❗
|
| and probably
any
tale
of
hags or giants |
| 🤻 |
The
Jenish People
as
Surving
Bandkeramik-
*Vasconics | Increasingly important - because of their formal recognition as an European minority - is a Müller-H i rt-diagram of the Jenish people ( see also ☎ and German )
| mi | Archeology 🧱 ( band ceramics, mining ) |
| |
Anthro-
po-
logy
🧬
( DNA-
ana-
lysis
still
lacking ) | mi | Jenish people
jaun ≡ master
( Basque ) | mi |
Tradi-
tion
🐉
( witches,
giants,
Lorelei,
sleeping
beauty,
Fasnet )
|
| |
| mi | Language 🔊 ( Swabian slang words ) |
in the Swabian areas in and around Germany. We see their name as of *Vasconic origin
Jenische ⭮mmmmmjaun+i gmmmmmn≡ Herr+ig
with examples given by the German family names Jänisch, Jähnig, Jensch, Jahn, … and perhaps even the personal names Janosch, Jan, Jens . In addition the unexplained German Gauner ≡ trickster has its origin here.
One only can attribute the notion s a d to the history of the Jenish people − the also *Vasconic Aeolians of Greece considerably earlier fared better❗
|
Eifel
Zenn
Etzean
Tirol
Lurch |
| 🏹 |
A
pre-History
of
Northern Germany |
We outline the difficulties − due to the lacking of a suitable embedding of the battle of 🏹Conerow into mythology − of
A Short pre-History of Northern Germany
by discussing the upwards-time-ordered Müller-Hirt -diagram of the genesis of the Germanic peoples
| ⮙ | | | | | ⮙ |
| history − | | Language | Archeology | Mythology | Anthropology | | what happened |
around 200 bChr −
| |
Germanic
| Germanic
hoards & graves
on the Balkans | reports
of the classical
historians |
❓
| | emigrations
of the
Bastarnae & Sk i r i i |
| | | | | | | |
around 800 bChr −
| | genesis
of
Germanic | grave mounds
around
Seddin | king Hinz
of
Seddin | ❓ | | iron ← bronze
and the
Jastorf-culture |
| | | | | | | |
around 1350 bChr −
| | ⇑ | river Tollense
-battle field
at Conerow | ❓ | DNA from the
eastern urn-
field-culture | | commencing
the 2nd Indo-Eu-
ropean migration |
| | | | | | | |
somewhat later −
| | ⇑ | Gnitterberg
Sockenfeld
small bowl-stones | Ragnarök |
❓
| | failed sickle-cut
attack on the
megalthic riches |
| | | | | | | |
around 1900 bChr
alternatively −
around 2300 bChr | | Megalithic,
Indo-European,
*Vasconic | grave mound
at
Leubingen |
Nibelungenlied
|
❓
| | Indo-Europeans
break through
the Elbe-line |
| | | | | | | |
from
(4000) - (2000) −
bChr
| e
r
a | proto-
Indo-European
| Kurgans from
Southern Russia
to Nieder-Silesia | Z i u ⭮ / ⭯ Shiva
Woden ⭮ / ⭯ Vishnu
Donar ⭮ / ⭯ Indra | meanwhile
genetically
established | e
r
a | 1st Indo-European
wandering in-
to Europe |
− wherein another obstacle is the still lacking DNA-analysis of king Hinz of Seddin.
In a from east to west space-ordered way: Northern Germany was occupied after the last Ice Age - like most of Europe - by hunters and gatherers who probably survived the Ice Age in local pockets in the same way as Eskimos and Sami (Laplanders) today - like the Ahrensburg-culture.
Then the first settlers were *Vasconic-speaking immigrants from Eastern Anatolia living in small communities - like Bilzingsleben.
Back in that early big city in Eastern Anatolia the language underwent a strong development. Several millennia later something happened, sending out the the warror class - the later Indo-Europeans - to the north and across the Caucasus and the cleric class - the later Semitics to the south into the Fertile Crescent.
Then again some millennia later the Indo-Europeans arrived from Southern Russia in Northern Germany at the line of defence along river Elbe, west of the Müritz and the 5-lakes-district, installed by the Semiti(di)c-speaking Megalithicians, who came from the mediterranian around the Iberian peninsula and Scandinavia a little earlier. The Nibelungenlied tells the story of the fall of this line of defence. From then the above diagram emerges. This freed the way to the western part of Europe.
Perhaps it was exactly this raid to the west which led to a weakening of the raid towards the riches of the Megalithicians and its failure in Ragnarök - the Götterdämmerung. This gave the Megalithicians another 1000 years of dominance in the north.
To the south this unclogged the whole of Western Europe up to the Atlantic. The Indo-Europeans there developed a high culture - the Nebra sky disk - which led to the urnfield-culture. At its heyday they once more tried to subdue the megalithic north, but again failed at Conerow in the Tollense valley. This time again because the defenders tactically and strategically used the terrain to full capacity.
How could it happen that between these two „superpowers” a third power grew
- for model take Vienna and Berlin at the eastern border of the much later Holy Roman Empire -
which developed the new hybrid language Germanic and expanded in all four directions of the wind rose
❓
The answer lies in the geo-strategic ability of the Megalithicians along the coastline of Baltic and especially in their concept of a fortified borderland, Grenzmark or markland. In the east this is the strip between rivers Tollense and Oder with at least one hillfort in the north - which we assume to be Jumne - and in the south Rethra. Later this hillfort was vacated by the Bastarnae, overtaken by the Slavs and finally destroyed or overbuilt by the Germans.
In the west at the geographical center of the Jastorf-culture around Seddin, riches amassed by the trade along the waterway of rivers Stepenitz and Elbe led to great power, which culminated in the prince Hinz of Seddin. Immediately after, iron substituted bronze and trade and hence power collapsed. The newly established language proto-Germanic and their speakers, mixed from megalithic, Indo-European and *Vasconic origin were forced to leave this area and expand in all directions.
The epoch between the twilight of the gods and the battle at river Tollense remains dark. The sky-disk of Nebra hints that the now Indo-European fiefdoms along river Elbe developed a high culture. Presumably the Megalithicians stuck to their strip of borderlands and succeeded in the battle at Conerow at river Tollense against an early „B l i t zʽʽ. Usually the winner of such a big battle founds a dynasty and it is straightforeward to assume that this dynasty has its residence at the richest place - here at river Stepenitz. His language eventually became - modifified articulately - the new language Germanic.
⸻mmmThe rest is (the) history.
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Nibelungen
Conerow
Hinz von Seddin |
| 🗾 |
Scott Littleton's
Table-Analysis
of
Samurais |
| [ ScL ] is an edgy theory on Skythian-Ossetian influences in China, Korea und Japan and a striking example of lore and its interpretation:
A Short pre-History of Japanmmmmm
From the point of view of etymology Japanese Samura i, originally sabura i, should be understood as Ossetian Brigand: as → sa and bryger → burag i → bura i .
Basicly he explains this by the striking similarity of the Japanese lore and the Arthurian legend, and with the fact that Indo-European influences are stronger than hitherto assumed.
For that he has to assume, that not only Tocharians invaded today's China but also Iranian tribes - say the Ossetes. A group of Ossetes has been hired in order to combat the Ainus − their relatives❓ − the Arturian legend being Ossetian lore, which also came to Northern England in the year 175 aChr with Yazygians.
In fact 5500 Yazygian mercenaries were settled by the Romans at Ribchester in Western Lancashire and were part of the VI. legion Victrix, guarding river Lot. Their commander was the Roman prefect Lucius Artorius Castus. His name became the title of the leader of these Yazygians ↔ Ossetians ↔ Alanians ↔ Sarmatians.
One of those leaders would have won much later the battle of Badon Hill against the Anglo-Saxons ( which held back those only for a short time ). The name Lancelot simply should have the meaning the Alanian ( from river ) Lot.
Clearly this does not clarify the date of their arrival in Japan. Unfortunatly archeology cannot decide whether the numerous mumies of Sinkiang are Tocharians or Ossetes - this only can be seen from genetics.
In this connection there is the similarity of the top samurai, the Ta i + shogun with the Germanic title kuning + az ≡ king - but only in the western Indo-European language groups [ KS König ]. Therefore one not only has to rearrange letters but also whole syllables in order to get German
| diagram Scottt Littleton |
| sa+bura i | ⭮ | as+brieger | mmmta i+shogun ¶ | ⭮ | kuning+az | busch i do† | ⭮ | Brauch+tum ( ≡ traditions ) |
| ≀ | | | ≀ | | | ≀ |
| |
| k i sag i ♥ | ⭮ | Krieg ( ≡ war ) | schūra i ‡ | ⭮ | Schlacht [ K&L slay ] | yar i # | ⭮ | Ger ( ≡ spear ) | . |
| |
The Ainu-connotation follows from the fact that with the restiction of this non-Japanese population to the northern island Hokkaido, the shogunate ceased to exist, however, came to life again and only was wiped out after 1800. Remarkably the samurai erected a typical Indo-European cast- and even terror-empery - suppressing the local population brutally and for instance not allowing them to have forenames - one of those typical Indo-European customs being cremation. Clearly within only a few generations they totally were integrated into the local gentry.
Restraint
¶ Shogun can have traveled more directly into Japanese than from Germanic: Simo Parpola translates kuniga(.r) ≡ king, prince in Sumeric [ Pp l I p 209 ] and chases it through some Ural-Altaic languages, for instance Chan and especially Mongolian qaγan.
Because of being reported very early the ur-Germanic *kuninga-z is an indication for the megalithic migration from the Mediterranian to northwest- and northern Europe and for the megalithic part of the Germanic languages. Concluding further - is exactly this common word an indication for a participation of Sumerians ( and also Egyptians ) in the megalithic settling in the north and especially perhaps even in a leading position❓
The datings 4200 bChr and a second time 3700 bChr ( according to pollen analysis ) of these migrations correspond to the rise of the Sumerian culture. Likewise Sumerian describes
♥ Krieg by kar+ ≡ (to) rob [p 191] plus ru.gú+ ≡ (to) destroy [p 290]
and hitting in the same way
‡ Schlacht by šár+ ≡ (to) expel, kill, massacre [p 329].
In addition we get
† bushido by bar ≡ ancestry, lineage [p 34] - the root of this term being Sumerian bar..ta ≡ (there)after [p 44] -
in relation to the time order ( a mathematical order relation).
The oldest ( as show both spears of Schöningen ) weapon of mankind, the
# Ger, with yar i ≡ spear of the Samurai because of Akkadian qurru ≡ man carrying a short spear [ P&W p 89 ]
may be added here also, given that there is an intermediate form with g → h in Oldindian [ KS Ger ] and hence may have traveled to Japan with the Ossets. Obviously there was a tribe with the name Gureans, the main weapon of whose being a short-spear, i.e. a kind of pilum. That this word is Akkadian follows from the cognate words for spear and arrow [P&W p 118].
Since the association between war ( German Krieg ) - and not only hunt - and spear ( German Ger ) is very old (Schöningen) we also can take Akkadian gerru ≡ Krieg and qarrādu ≡ Krieger [ Par II p 433 ] for root.
⸻mmmThe rest is (the) history. |
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is added here only
because of its
exemplary method
! |
| ☎ after 1200 bChr | ☎ literature | top / start |
|
